内容摘要：雅斯贝斯的轴心期理论着重指出了人类精神的觉醒是在希腊、印度和中国这三个地区同时发生的。由于这种觉醒，三个地区的文化以精神自由的原则取代了古代文明的实体性原则，形成了哲学的突破。先秦诸子哲学与希腊、印度哲学起源于宗教的情况相同，都是一种源与流的关系。不同之处在于：希腊哲学重在求知，印度哲学重在人的精神的解脱，而诸子哲学的核心问题则是在天命秩序瓦解的历史条件下，重新寻求失去的“道”。

　　Abstract：Karl Jaspers's axis period theory mainly shows that the awakening of human spirit happened simultaueously in Greece, India and China. Therefore, what happened to the eultures in these three areas is that the principle of spiritual freedom substituted the substantive prineiple of aneient eivilization, and a philosophical breakthrough occurred. Both Greek and Indian philosophies and the philosophical thoughts of various schools in Pre-Qin times similarly originated from religion, just like the relation between source and stream. The difference is that, the emphasis of Greek philosophy is to seek knowledge, the emphasis of Indian philosophy is to set free the human spirit, but the core of the philosophical thoughts of various schools in Pre-Qin times is to re-find the lost "Tao" under the historical condition of that the order from haven was collapsed.

　　关键词：希腊；印度；中国；哲学突破；先秦诸子；道

　　Key Words：Greece；India；China；Philosophical breakthrough；Various schools in Pre-Qin times；Tao