移民城市人际信任现状及影响因素——一项基于深圳的实证研究

    摘要

　　信任是维持社会秩序的重要基础，若人际关系失去基本信任，社会自身的正常运转也将出现危机。深圳是一个典型的移民城市，人们之间的信任关系更多地建立在“契约型信任关系”的基础上。契约虽缘于不信任或预防不信任，但是，随着社会的进步和发展，与“人情型信任关系”相比，契约型人际关系更能促进人际关系的信任和安全感。以实证研究的方法，综合探讨深圳特区居民人际信任的基本结构、属性特征以及内在的相互关联，具体考察契约观念、安全感与人际信任之间的关系，从理论上阐释了契约观念与安全感和人际信任的内在关系。调查数据显示：契约观念与人际信任和安全感存在显著相关，城市居民的人际信任水平与其公共事务的参与性也存在着相关性。

　　关键词：人际信任 安全感 契约观念

    Abstract

　　Confidence-building is the maintenance of social order，society itself will be working improperly and will be a crisis，if interpersonal basic confidence-building are lost. Shenzhen is a typical city of immigrants，and the relationship of trust between persons are more likely to establish in the contractual relationship of trust and basis. Compact，although the lack of confidence or prevention，however，as the progress of the society and development，contractual relationships can foster social trust and sense of security compared with the personal-trust relationships. Using empirical research methods，the present study analyze the Shenzhen residents’ basic structure，property characteristics，as well as the interrelated，explore the relationship between them. The findings of the study data show that on the Compact concepts and interpersonal trust and security are significant related to urban residents’ interpersonal trust levels，and，and there is a correlation with their participation in public affairs.

　　Keywords：Interpersonal Trust  Security  Compact Concepts

    作者简介

　　杨青，博士，副教授，深圳大学法学院社会学系。